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20道“魔鬼”雅思题,搞定雅思阅读匹配题

新航道
2019-05-10 16:51:02

  最近的一次雅思考试,不出所料地又上了热搜

  人称断子绝孙的匹配题,居然多到令人抓狂

  匹配题中还有一种极其常见的人名匹配

  很多考生对它是既爱又恨~

  爱:只需要找到原文对应人名即可确定答案

  恨:人名反复出现,弄得人晕头转向不知所云

  究竟如何才能快准狠地定位找出答案?

  今天,解题秘籍即将揭晓!

  仅需一点思考,就能让解题速度翻倍!

  人名匹配题的考察逻辑

  人名匹配题的考察逻辑,就是将文章中言论和题目进行精确的匹配。题目中必定会出现原文的“替换改写”,既然有替换,就意味题目中的概念,也会在原文中再现。题目中可能出现替换改写的点,就是我们要找的“关键词”。但是,我们该如何找到替换改写的“关键词”呢?


  定位关键词方法

  在冗长的原文之中找到需要的句子,就像在茫茫人海之中去找一个人。如果我们要找“帅的,美的”,由于主观审美的偏差,我们也会得到多个结果。唯有我们树立精确的标准,如“身高185以上,1996年12月出生,男生”,我们才有可能精确地搜寻到我们希望得到的结果。

  

  

  同理,在解决人名匹配题的过程中,我们一定要把注意力集中在那些只出现一次、并且意思表述非常精确具体的词上,绝不要把注意力放在那些重复出现的、意思表述抽象空洞的词上面。

  



  真题解析

  “剑10》 第2套阅读 第2篇 第18-22题

  18. Less time can be spent on exercises with gifted pupils who produce accurate work.

  19. Self-reliance is a valuable tool that helps gifted students reach their goals.

  20. Gifted children know how to channel their feelings to assist their learning.

  21. The very gifted child benefits from appropriate support from close relatives.

  22. Really successful students have learnt a considerable amount about their subject.

  ”Step 1

  上述的这些词意思极其相近、大量重复,还是文章标题内容(Gifted children and learning),原文中一定到处都有,并不适合我们做“区分”,肯定不是我们要寻找的“关键词”。


  Step 2

  18. Less time can be spent on exercises with gifted pupils who produce accurate work.

  19. Self-reliance is a valuable tool that helps gifted students reach their goals.

  20. Gifted children know how to channel their feelings to assist their learning.

  21. The very gifted child benefits from appropriate support from close relatives.

  这些标红的词,也不可作为“关键词”,尽管它们没有重复,但是这些词过于抽象空洞,意思也相近:

  Valuable tool 有价值的工具

  Reach their goals 实现目标

  Assist their learning 帮助学习

  Appropriate support 恰当的帮助


  Step 3

  最后就只剩下的那些意思精确具体,而且只出现少数次的词或词组。以18题和21题为例:

  18.  Less time can be spent on exercises with gifted pupils who produce accurate work.

  21.  The very gifted child benefits from appropriate support from close relatives.

  此时,我们就圆满完成了“寻找关键词”的任务。然后,花十几秒钟的时间,把这些关键词的中文意思写在旁边,作为一种快捷的“标签”以便于随后的操作。


  Step 4

  中文标签,加速解题

  18. 更少的时间花在练习上——更少时间

  21. 亲密的亲人——亲人

  当我们带着这些中文“标签”回顾原文的时候,我们就可以很快地将以下段落和先前的标签进行匹配:

  Home、parents 亲人—— 21题对应句

  For example, a very close positive relationship was found when children’s IQ scores were compared with their home educational provision (Freeman, 2010). The higher the children’s IQ scores, especially over IQ 130, the better the quality of their educational backup, measured in terms of reported verbal interactions withparents, number of books and activities in their home etc.

  Shorten the practice 更少时间 —— 18题对应句

  Overviewing research on the thinking process of highly able children, (Shore and Kanevsky, 1993) put the instructor’s problem succinctly: ‘If they [the gifted] merely think more quickly, then we need only teach more quickly. If they merely make fewer errors, then we can shorten the practice.


  总结

  开始学习定位词时,大家都知道题目中的“实义名词”(如苹果、杯子、楼房等名词)可以作为定位词。这是因为相比于那些抽象名词,实义名词的意思更加精确具体、难以替换。因此,在解决人名匹配题的过程中,可通过题目中的“实义名词”建立一条连接原文的逻辑链条,实现快速匹配解题。



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