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本期将带大家了解有关疫情的热门词汇,同时通过精听的方式来强化疫情的相关语料,希望大家在遇到医疗与健康类的雅思题目时能更加从容应对。
热门词汇
1月20日,钟南山院士在接受央视连线时明确表示,目前可以肯定,此次新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎,存在人传人的现象。
人传人: human-to-human transmission
1月21日,钟南山院士表示,对感染者进行隔离,并跟踪密切接触者,是目前防控疫情传播的手段。
隔离:isolation/quarantine
跟踪密切接触者:contact-tracing
疫情传播:epidemic spreading
1月23日:武汉市正式实施《传染病防治法》规定的“甲类传染病疫区封锁”措施,全面进入封锁状态。
封锁:containment
1月26日:中国疾控中心开始研发疫苗
疫苗:vaccine
2月10日 钟南山院士表示新冠肺炎致死率低于SARS;发改委导师表示人口流动是SARS时6倍;
致死率:case fatality rate
2月14日:多地明确延迟开学时间可用暑期补齐;无症状感染者有排出病毒可能性,应进行14天的隔离;
无症状的:asymptomatic
3月11日,纽约州长表示美国目前确诊人数少是因为检测能力落后,如果提升检测能力,数据将会惊人。
检测能力:testing capacity
3月13日,英国政府首席科学顾问表示,将需要大约60%的英国人口感染新冠病毒以获得“群体免疫力”。
群体免疫力:herd immunity
3月18日,钟南山院士指出,本世纪产生了三次冠状病毒,分别是SARS、MERS和这次的新冠病毒。这次病毒是极易传染的。
传染的:infectious
3月28日,IMF(国际货币基金组织)召开紧急会议,指出全球卫生流行病已转变成经济和金融危机。
流行病:epidemic
3月29日,美国总统特朗普表示美国新冠疫情的死亡率峰值很可能在两周内出现,他还将“保持社交距离”的指导原则延期至4月30日。
社交距离:social distancing
精听练习
接下来大家看到的一个视频剪辑是在3月24日TED主持人Christ Anderson连线Bill Gates时,问到某些发达国家希望避免新冠病毒对经济带来的巨大冲击且提出“群体免疫”的策略,比尔盖茨对此事的看法。(早在2015年3月,Bill Gates就曾在TED发表过一篇名为“The next outbreak? We are not ready”的演讲,详情请戳☞:
https://www.ted.com/talks/bill_gates_the_next_outbreak_we_re_not_ready)
请大家先范听一遍,然后边听边完成以下填空:
Christ Anderson: Bill, one of the 1_______ about this 2_______________ is how long it has to last. A lot of people are concerned that the 3___________ by isolating everyone is that you 4______________, and that we have to be, basically, at home, not doing our 5______________ for three, six months, maybe all year. And so much so that there's now this 6____________ in the US and other countries about this may just be 7___________________, that we 8_________________________, we should only 9__________________________________, and then let people back, and if that means a lot of other people 10________________________________ and we eventually 11_____________________________, that may be the right way to go. What's your 12 _____________________, what is the 13_______________________ that eventually leads to us 14__________________?
Bill Gates: It's very tough to say to people, "Hey, 15_____________________,” you know, "Go buy new houses, ignore that 16____________________________, just, you know, we want you to 17__________________,” because there's some, maybe a 18_________ who thinks 19________________________. It's very hard to tell people, when there's an 20________________________ that threatens, particularly, their parents or elderly people that they know, that they should go about things knowing that 21________________________________________. I don't know of any rich countries that have chosen to use that approach. It is true, 22______________________________, over a period of several years, enough people would 23_____________ you'd have what's called 24___________________________. But 25 _____________________________ until you infect 26____________________________. And so you can take -- You'll 27_______________________, so your 28_________________________, 29________________________ one percent, will be like three, four percent. And so, the idea, it's very 30___________ for somebody to suggest we can 31____________________________. 32_______________________________ so that in six to ten weeks, if things go well, then you can start opening back up.
答案:
1. riddles: 迷惑
2. isolation strategy:隔离措施
3. price of victory:胜利的代价
4. crash the economy:破坏经济
5. regular jobs:日常工作
6. big debate:巨大争议
7. the wrong strategy
8. can’t crash the economy that badly
9. isolate for another couple of weeks
10. get sick
11. build up herd immunity:加强群体免疫
12. thought on this:对这件事的看法
13. isolation strategy:
14. getting back to normal:回到正轨
15. keep going to restaurants
16. pile of bodies over in the corner:角落里堆积的尸体
17. keep spending
18. politician
19. GDP growth is what really counts:真正要考虑的是GDP的增长
20. epidemic spreading:传染病传播
21. their activity is spreading this disease
22. if you did that approach:如果采用了那个方法
23. be infected:被感染
24. herd immunity:群体免疫
25. herd immunity is meaningless
26. over half the population:超过一半的人口
27. overload your medical system:医疗系统超负荷
28. case fatality rate:病死率
29. instead of being
30. irresponsible:不负责的
31. have best of both worlds:两全其美
32. What we need is the extreme shutdown:我们需要的是立即停工
最后,如果大家想做更多有关新冠病毒疫情的听力练习或想了解更多疫情相关的英文信息,建议登陆TED或CNN官网进行查看:
https://www.ted.com/
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