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GRE阅读真题第78之自白诗美吗?

新航道
2021-04-02 17:15:14

  Because the subject matter was so personal, the work of several prominent mid-twentieth century poets has been termed “confessional” poetry.

  因为主题非常个人化,二十世纪中叶几位杰出诗人的作品被称为“自白(坦白、忏悔)”诗。(从这句我们可以看出这些诗作和忏悔诗有类似的地方,即主题都比较私人化。)


  But confession is a bad metaphor for what those poets did.

  但是“自白”并不是一个合适的词汇来描述这些诗。(注意:这句话提出了作者观点,可以预判后文应该围绕“忏悔”是什么,以及“忏悔”和这些诗作描写的区别)


  The motive for confession is  penitential or therapeutic—by speaking openly about personal guilt and suffering, the poet hopes to make them easier to bear.

  自白(坦白、忏悔)的动机是后悔或者寻求安慰- 通过诉说个人的悔意和痛苦,诗人希望能使自己更能忍受这些情绪。(本剧开始解释“自白”的含义。注意前文作者的态度是“自白”不能用来描述这些诗作。可以对比推理出这些诗作没有表示出后悔或者寻求自我安慰的情感)


  But these poets always approached their writing as artists, and their motive was aesthetic.

  但这些诗人总是像艺术家一样去塑造自己的作品,他们的目标是追求美。(可以预判后文应该围绕诗作本身的“美”展开。


  Writing from experiences like madness, despair, and lust, their aim was to make effective art, not to cure themselves.

  通过描写疯狂,痛苦,和欲望的经历,这些诗人的目标是追求艺术性,而不是治愈自己。


  To treat their poems mainly as documents of personal experience is not just to diminish the poets’ achievement, but to ignore their unanimous disdain for the idea of confessional poetry.

  把他们的诗作只当作个人经历的记录不仅消解了这些诗人的成就,也忽略了他们对自白诗的蔑视。(这句话体现出作者和这些诗人都认为“追求美的艺术动机”,自白诗“让自己好受点”的动机更高一些。)


  本文并不难理解。但后面跟着两道大家比较害怕的不定项选择。在完整不定项选择时,我们可以利用题干去原文做大定位。不过更需要把选项当作判断题,去原文里核对选项是否符合题意。


  Consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.

  1.The author of the passage suggests that applying the term “confessional” to the work of the poets discussed

  A. is mistaken in what it seems to imply about the poets’ motivation

  B. might seem superficially appropriate given the subject matter of the poems

  C. is an error arising from the absence of any other convenient term.

  答案AB

  解析问题 - 作者认为,对讨论的诗用“自白”一词描述

  A 错误表达了诗人的动机。(对应3、4、5句)

  B 鉴于诗作的主题,可能表面看起来是合适的。(这个选项很多同学不敢选。但需要注意第1句体现出来这些诗和自白诗的主题的确是类似的,而且“superficially appropriate”的意思是“表面上看似合理”隐含言下之意-“实际上深入看不合理”。是符合作者观点的。

  C 并没有提及其他词汇的匮乏。故错误。


  Consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.

  2. The passage implies that the poets discussed did NOT

  A. think that a poet’s motivation for writing was relevant in evaluating that poet’s work

  B. experience any relief of their personal suffering as a result of writing

  C. apply to their own work the label by which it has subsequently been know

  答案C解析问题 – 文章暗示,文中诗人并没有:A 认为诗人的写作意图与诗作的赏析有关。(通过文章最后一句我们可以知道,文中的诗人是嫌弃自白诗的,其背后的写作意图也是诗人所看不上的。)B 在写作后感受到个人苦难的解脱。(虽然“解脱自身苦难”的确不是文中诗人所践行的,但我们无法得知他们写完诗篇以后是否也获得了这样的情感。)C 认为后世的评价适用于他们的作品。(后世认为是自白诗,但这个评价是原本诗人鄙视的。故该选项正确。)


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