SAT2美国历史知识点:第8-13任美国总统

　　下面小编为大家整理的是第8到第13任美国总统的历史知识点，大家一起来看一下吧。

　　Martin Van Buren (1836-1840) (Democrats)

　　--appointed by Jackson

　　Panic of 1837: the consequence of Bank War & disasters

　　  Independent Treasury: national financial assets separated from market

　　Texas Republic: won independence from Mexico in 1836; recognized by US later

　　Aroostook War: with Britain to fix the Maine border

　　Gag Resolution: Southerners’ drive that required all antislavery appeals to be tabled without debate; Quincy Adams fought 8 years to repeal it

　　Amistad slave revolt: rebelling aboard the Spanish slave ship Amistad, but later driven ashore to Long Island; Quincy Adams secured their freedom in front of Supreme Court with a moving speech

　　William Henry Harrison (1840) dead after 4 weeks

　　John Tyler (1841-1844) (Whigs…technically)

　　--president without a party; technically Whigs, but not so Whigs

　　Tariff of 1842: raise back to pre-1833 tariff

　　Webster-Ashburton Treaty: after Aroostook War, fixing borders and opposing slavery together

　　James Polk (1844-1848) (Democratic-Republican)

　　--slogan: Manifest Destiny (“American democracy all over the hemisphere”); Clay defeated by a margin of a small Liberty Party’s absorbed votes

　　Texas annexation

　　Walker Tariff: lower than Whigs’

　　Oregon Dispute: first wanted 54N (part of Polk’s slogan), but eventually 49N

　　Mexican war

　　California Bear Flag Republic: the rebelled nation supported by American officers and John Fremont

　　Battle of Buena Vista: General Zachary Taylor was made hero

　　Treaty of Guadalupe Hildalgo: Mexico recognized Texas annexation & ceded California to US

　　Wilmot Proviso: amendment that no slavery exists from former Mexico regions; twice passed in House but never Senate

　　Zachary Taylor (1848-1850d) (Whigs)

　　California Gold Rush: short after California became America’s

　　Free Soil Party: an antislavery third party arguing that slavery limit opportunity for free labor

　　Millard Fillmore (1850-1852)

　　Underground Railroad: help black slaves to escape

　　Compromise of 1850

　　  --proposed by Henry Clay (Whig leader), John Calhoun (“Great Nulifier”, promoter of slavery), Daniel Webster; aided by Fillmore while Taylor opposed to it

　　  --North: California free, District of Columbia free

　　--South: Mexican cession territories decided by popular sovereignty, $10mil for Texas, stricter fugitive-slave law

　　Fugitive Slave Law of 1850: high penalty for anyone who aid slaves and demand all officers to help getting runaways back; strengthened antislavery cause

　　以上就是有关第8-13任美国总统的相关介绍，希望对大家的备考有所帮助。