【托福听力】如何利用“问答原则”定位重点信息？

     　无论在对话中，还是讲座中。提问和回答的过程都是解决托福听力材料中主旨问题的明确以及更进一步的解决，是对主线内容的更加深化，因此不管是学生提问，教授回答，还是教授的自问自答，甚至教授提问，学生回答，都是我们托福听力的重要出题点。因此，在听材料过程中，需要我们对问答部分格外敏感，需要重点关注。

　　下面，我们用大家练托福听力的练习题备考资料为大家具体说明如何利用“问答原则”定位重点信息。

　　例1：

　　练习题7 L3中，学生提问，Stu: I know people make utensils out of wood, but utensils out of tree bark? 我知道人们使用木头制作器具，他们使用树皮制作器具吗?

　　Pro: Well, birch bark is pliable and very easy to bend. The Native Americans would cut the bark and fold it into any shape they needed, then secure it with cords until it dried. They could fold the bark into many shapes. 桦树皮柔韧性强，易于弯曲。美洲原住民经常切断树皮，并把它们折成需要的形状，然后用绳子固定，直到干燥。他们能把树皮做成各种形状。

　　教授通过回答学生的问题，点出了白桦树树皮的一个重要特点，易于弯曲，人们可以将树皮折成各种形状。对应了我们题目中的第2题，一道多选细节题的“易于弯曲”这一答案。

　　According to the professor, what characteristic of birth bark made it useful to Native Americans?

　　Click on 2 answers

　　l It repels water

　　l It can be eaten

　　l It is easy to fold

　　l It has a rough texture

　　例2：

　　学生和教授继续就桦树皮的作用进行探讨，说到了桦树皮最重要的作用就是制作木舟，那么木舟又对美洲本土人的生活有什么影响?教授提到，Well like I said, the northeastern region is interconnected by rivers and streams and the ocean at the coast. The canoes allow them to travel over a vast area that today would take a few hours to fly over. You see, the Native Americans made canoes of all types, for travel on small streams or on large open ocean waters. For small streams, they made narrow, maneuverable boats, while，larger canoes were needed for the ocean. They could travel throughout the area only occasionally having to portage, to carry the canoe over a land short distance to another nearby stream. And since the canoes were so light, this wasn't a difficult task.木舟使得美洲土著人能够穿越大面积区域，区域大到即使今天坐飞机也得几个小时才能到。教授解释之后，随即提问Now how do you think this affected their lives?现在你们想想这会怎样影响他们的生活?

　　学生回答：Well if they could travel so easily over such a large area, they could trade with people from other areas which I guess would lead them to form alliances? 如果他们能够很轻易航行这么广阔的区域，那么就可以和其他区域的人们进行贸易往来，最终形成联盟吧?

　　教授再次回答道：Exactly.确实如此。

　　通过教授和学生的连续问答，我们看到他们说出了木舟对于土著人重要的一个原因，就是能够帮助他们与其他部落结成联盟，也对应了我们的下一道细节多选题，其中的答案D：

　　According to the professor, why was the canoe important to some Native American groups?

　　Click on 2 answers

　　l There was a network of waterways where they lived

　　l Snowy winters made land travel too difficult

　　l Some Native American groups sold their canoes to other groups

　　l Canoe travel helped form relationship between groups of Native Americans

　　通过对练习题的分析，我们看到只要托福听力中出现问答的地方，都是出题的密集区，因此，问答原则告诉我们，在考试过程中，着重听问答，记笔记时，记问答部分，相信这一原则会让我们考出托福听力好成绩，更加事半功倍。

　　相信通过上面对于托福听力材料中问答的介绍大家都知道出题点是怎样的了，在以后练托福听力时各位要重点关注一下这些地方.更多托福干货敬请关注新航道托福考试频道。