托福听力：奥斯卡.王尔德

　　Oscar Wilde, Irish-born writer known for his wry wit, was the chief advocate of the aesthetic movement based on the principle of art for art's sake (L'art pour l'art). Wilde was a novelist, playwright, poet, and critic.

　　奥斯卡.王尔德，爱尔兰作家，以诙谐而，是唯美主义的代表人物，（唯美主义的原则是为了艺术而艺术）。同时，他也是小说家，戏剧家，诗人和评论家。

　　He is famous for his comic masterpieces Lady Windermere's Fan and The Importance of Being Earnest, his novel The Picture of Dorian Gray (Wilde's only novel), of course, his humorous, witty one-line quotations.

　　他的代表作是《温德密尔夫人的扇子》，《认真的重要性》，以及的小说《道林·格雷的画像》，还有他幽默诙谐的格言也广为人知。

　　Moral fantasy novel by Oscar Wilde, published in an early form in Lippincott's Magazine in 1890. The novel had six additional chapters when it appeared in book form in 1891. An archetypal tale of a young man who purchases eternal youth at the expense of his soul, the novel was a romantic exposition of Wilde's Aestheticism. Dorian Gray is a wealthy Englishman who gradually sinks into a life of dissipation and crime. Despite his unhealthy behavior, his physical appearance remains youthful and unmarked by dissolution. Instead, a portrait of himself catalogues every evil deed by turning his once handsome features into a hideous mask. When Gray destroys the painting, his face turns into a human replica of the portrait, and he dies. Gray's final negation, "ugliness is the only reality," neatly summarizes Wilde's Aestheticism, both his love of the beautiful and his fascination with the profane. Publication of the novel scandalized Victorian England, and The Picture of Dorian Gray was used as evidence against Wilde in his 1895 trial for homosexuality. The novel became a classic of English literature.

　　《道林·格雷的画像》是19世纪末唯美主义代表作，讲述了美少年道林·格雷在看见了画家霍尔沃德为他所作的画像之后，发现了自己惊人的美，在亨利勋爵的蛊惑下，献出灵魂，换来自己永葆青春，而画像替他变老。这个小说也被改成了电影，有兴趣的同学可以去看看。

　　王尔德在这部小说中，以丰富的想象，离奇的情节，优美的文笔，富于哲理的语言，揭露了英国上流社会的精神空虚与道德沉沦，交织着善与恶，美与丑，灵魂的堕落到肉体的毁灭的悲剧，形象地表明了作者自己的人生观、道德观和艺术观。

　　王尔德是英国唯美主义运动的倡导者，19世纪与萧伯纳齐名的英国才子，他一生中就写过九篇童话，但每一篇都是精华，他的童话作品可以与安徒生童话和格林童话相媲美。其中Happy Prince 快乐王子，非常感人，还有夜莺与玫瑰等都是广为人知。

　　王尔德的一生充满传奇和争议，但是后人都非常仰慕他的才华，他的墓碑位于巴黎拉雪兹公墓，墓碑上布满了慕名而来的女人的红唇印，后来公墓为了保护他的墓碑，用玻璃将他的墓碑给罩起来了。在电影《巴黎，我爱你》里面也出现了王尔德的相关情节。

　　在雅思和托福考试中，王尔德都是一个被偏爱的作家，比如在剑桥真题1443中，有介绍王尔德的快乐王子这个童话，在我们托福教程基础版的第180页的讲座，也是介绍了了王尔德的生平事迹，感兴趣的同学可以去完成相关的题目哦。更多关于托福考试的个性化问题欢迎咨询新航道官网