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很多同学在写作,尤其是在写有关提建议的主题时,总喜欢用这样的表达:You should......, You shouldn’t...... 可是如果整篇文章从头到尾都是用“should”,总感觉不是很好。在中文里,多次重复称为排比,强调,加重语气。可是英文和中文是有一定差异性的。中文多重复,而英文强调语言和词汇的变化,同样的意思总是变换不同的表达方式。那么,表达“应该”这一意思除了用“should”“ought to”,还有可以什么别的表达吗?
下面我们就来学习一个新的短语:be supposed to do sth. 意思是应该做某事。should和be supposed to都有应该的意思,那么他们的区别在哪呢?下面我们就来一探究竟!
be supposed to:to be expected or required to do sth according to a rule, a custom, an arrangement, ect. (按规定,习惯,安排等) 应当,应该,强调的是外在的压力或者看法,是他人要求你应该如何做;
should and ought to: both are used to say that something is the best thing or the right thing to do,应该做某事;是从自身出发,自己主观觉得应该怎么做。下面我们通过例句来加深理解。
例1:这部电影我没看过,不过人们普遍认为很不错。
I have not seen it myself, but it is supposed to be a great movie.
例2:不准践踏草地。
You are not supposed to walk on the grass.
例3:我应该多锻炼。
I should exercise more.
例4:你应该努力一点,赶上你的同学。
You should work hard to catch up with your classmates.
例1和例2指的是他人认为以及外在道德对我们的要求,所以这里选用be supposed to。而例3和例4更多的是我们自己觉得应该怎么做,更多的是我们对自身的要求,而不是别人强加给我们的,所以用should。
现在,我们已经了解了关于should和be supposed to的一些细微差别,而实际上,我们写作的过程中并不会去考虑这么多,should和be supposed to大多数情况下是可以互换使用的,尤其是在写作的时候。此外,be supposed to have done 和 should have done 一样,都有“本应该做某事而没有做”的意思。下面我们通过更多的例句来了解这一短语的用法吧~
政府应该勇于面对挑战,顺应国际化发展的潮流。
The government is supposed to face the challenges bravely and to comply with the international trend.
没有任何人给你讲你应该去做什么,让你们觉得茫然不知所措。
There is no one who can tell people what they are supposed to do, which makes the citizens feel puzzled.
学完例句,现在我们将通过雅思真题来看看在写作时如何实现should和be supposed to之间的转换。
如:2018年4月14日雅思写作真题题目
Governments should make people responsible for looking after their own local environment. To what extend do you agree or disagree?
此次写作话题有关政府与环境问题,在各类英语考试中,环境问题一直是热点考点,雅思考试也不例外。在这一题目中,出现了“should”这个词。在雅思写作的第1段,如果同学们不知道如何下手,就可以复述题目的意思,所谓的复述就是用不同的单词来表达一样的意思,然后再提出自己的观点。这样子我们就可以用“be supposed to”来代替“should”。现在我们来看第1段该如何改写:
As for various environment-related issues, it seems to reach a consensus that government is supposed to take initiatives to help their fellow citizens establish a green living environment. However, it is also advised that individuals are given compelling responsibilities to preserve the local environment they reside in. I firmly agree with it.
有关各种各样的环境问题,人们似乎一致认为政府应该帮助市民们塑造一个绿色舒适的居住环境。然而,人们也有很大的责任去保护自己所居住的当地环境。我十分同意后面这一观点。
那么,以上我们学习的be supposed to 你会用了吗?更多雅思干货敬请关注新航道雅思考试频道。